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Dr. Tim Hovenac recently spoke at my local club on the subject of bacteria in tanks. He had some interesting discoveries on the subject of LR. There was no, yes no, bacteria in the core of the rocks. The theory of bacterial denitrification in the core of LR turns out to be one of those aquarium myths. From talking to Tim Hovenac, it seems most likely that he nitrate reduction we all saw from adding LR and yanking out our bio balls back in the day has to do with all the various algae on the rock surfaces assimilating the N. So growing algae is definitely a great way to reduce N loading in your tank, and it also helps reduce P.